邊幻圖是一種標記圖,其
圖的邊用不同的元素
標記,使得每個圖的頂點處的圖的邊標籤之和相同。
頂點幻圖示記圖的頂點,這些頂點沿每個直線段給出相同的和。 使用數字 1、2、...、10 無法形成幻五角星(Trigg 1960;Langman 1962,pp. 80-83;Dongre 1971;Richards 1975;Buckley 和 Rubin 1977-1978;Trigg 1998),但可以形成 168 個近似幻五角星(其中五條線中的四條線的和相同)。 上圖顯示了一個幻五角星,其和為 24,使用標籤 1、2、3、4、5、6、8、9、10 和 12 構建(Madachy 1979)。
另請參閱
反幻圖、
標記圖、
幻圓、
幻常數、
幻立方、
幻六邊形、
幻方
使用 探索
參考文獻
Buckley, M. R. W. and Rubin, F. Solution to Problem 385. "Do Pentacles Exists?" J. Recr. Math. 10, 288-289, 1977-78.Doob, M. "Characterization of Regular Magic Graphs." J. Comb. Th. B 25, 94-104, 1978.Dongre, N. M. "More About Magic Star Polygons." Amer. Math. Monthly 78, 1025, 1971.Gallian, J. "Dynamic Survey of Graph Labeling." Elec. J. Combin. DS6. Dec. 21, 2018. https://www.combinatorics.org/ojs/index.php/eljc/article/view/DS6.Hartsfield, N. and Ringel, G. Pearls in Graph Theory: A Comprehensive Introduction. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1990.Heinz, H. "Magic Stars." http://www.magic-squares.net/magicstar.htm.Heinz, H. "Magic 3-D Polygons & Graphs." http://www.magic-squares.net/perimeter-3.htm.Jezný, S. and Trenkler, M. "Characterization of Magic Graphs." Czech. Math. J. 33, 435-438, 1983.Jeurissen, R. H. "Magic Graphs, a Characterization." Europ. J. Combin. 9, 363-368, 1988.Langman, H. Play Mathematics. New York: Hafner, 1962.Madachy, J. S. Madachy's Mathematical Recreations. New York: Dover, pp. 98-99, 1979.Pickover, C. A. The Zen of Magic Squares, Circles, and Stars: An Exhibition of Surprising Structures Across Dimensions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002.Richards, I. "Impossibility." Math. Mag. 48, 249-262, Nov. 1975.Rivera, C. "Problems & Puzzles: Puzzle 013-The Prime-Magical Pentagram." http://www.primepuzzles.net/puzzles/puzz_013.htm.Silke, T. "Magic Hexagon." http://www.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/~sillke/PUZZLES/magic-hexagon.Trigg, C. W. "Solution of Problem 113." Pi Mu Epsilon J. 3, 119-120, Fall 1960.Trigg, C. W. "Ten Elements on a Pentagram." Eureka (Canada) 3, 5-6, Jan. 1977.Trigg, C. W. "Almost Magic Pentagrams." J. Recr. Math. 29, 8-11, 1998.Wynne, B. E. "Perfect Magic Icosapentacles." J. Recr. Math. 9, 241-248, 1976-77.在 中被引用
幻圖
引用為
Weisstein, Eric W. "幻圖。" 來自 ——Wolfram 網路資源。 https://mathworld.tw/MagicGraph.html
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