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多米諾骨牌平鋪


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斐波那契數 F_(n+1) 給出了用 2×1 多米諾骨牌覆蓋 2×n 棋盤 的方法數,如上圖所示 (Dickau)。

DominoTilings

對於 n=1, 2, ...,2n×2n 正方形的多米諾骨牌平鋪(也稱為二聚體覆蓋)的數量由 2, 36, 6728, 12988816, ... 給出 (OEIS A004003)。上面展示了 4×4 正方形上的 36 種平鋪方式。這些數字的公式由下式給出

 A_n=2^(2n^2)product_(i=1)^nproduct_(j=1)^n[cos^2((ipi)/(2n+1))+cos^2((jpi)/(2n+1))].
(1)

寫作

 B_n^2=2^(-n)A_n,
(2)

得到令人驚訝的結果

 A_n (mod 32)={n+1 (mod 32)   for n even; (-1)^((n-1)/2)n (mod 32)   for n odd
(3)

(John and Sachs 2000)。對於 n=1, 2, ..., 前幾項是 1, 3, 29, 5, 5, 7, 25, 9, 9, 11, 21, ... (OEIS A143234)。

寫作

B=lim_(n->infty)(lnA_n)/((2n)^2)
(4)
=1/(16pi^2)int_(-pi)^piint_(-pi)^piln[4+2costheta+2cosphi]dthetadphi
(5)
=K/pi
(6)
=0.291560904...
(7)

(OEIS A143233),其中 K卡塔蘭常數


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多米諾骨牌, 斐波那契數

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參考文獻

Cohn, H. "2-adic Behavior of Numbers of Domino Tilings." Electronic J. Combinatorics 6, No. 1, R14, 1-7, 1999. http://www.combinatorics.org/Volume_6/Abstracts/v6i1r14.html.Dickau, R. M. "Fibonacci Numbers." http://www.prairienet.org/~pops/fibboard.html.Finch, S. R. "Monomer-Dimer Constants." §5.23 in Mathematical Constants. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 406-407, 2003.Fisher, M. E. "Statistical Mechanics of Dimers on a Plane Lattice." Phys. Rev. 124, 1664-1672, 1961.Jockusch, W. "Perfect Matchings and Perfect Squares." J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 67, 100-115, 1994.John, P. E. and Sachs, H. "On a Strange Observation in the Theory of the Dimer Problem." Disc. Math. 216, 211-219, 2000.Schroeppel, R. Item 111 in Beeler, M.; Gosper, R. W.; and Schroeppel, R. HAKMEM. Cambridge, MA: MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Memo AIM-239, p. 48, Feb. 1972. http://www.inwap.com/pdp10/hbaker/hakmem/polyominos.html#item111.Propp, J. "A Reciprocity Theorem for Domino Tilings." Electronic J. Combinatorics 8, No. 1, R18, 1-9, 2001. http://www.combinatorics.org/Volume_8/Abstracts/v8i1r18.html.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequence A004003/M2160, A143233, and A143234 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."

在 上被引用

多米諾骨牌平鋪

引用為

Weisstein, Eric W. "多米諾骨牌平鋪。" 來自 Web 資源。 https://mathworld.tw/DominoTiling.html

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