雙陸棋是一種由兩名玩家進行的棋盤遊戲。雙陸棋棋盤分為四個區域，每個區域有六個三角形區域，棋子可以放置在這些區域上。棕色和白色棋子最初如圖所示放置在棋盤上，目的是讓每位玩家將所有棋子沿著棋盤移動（白色逆時針移動，棕色順時針移動），然後移出棋盤。
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參考文獻
Bewersdorff, J. "Backgammon: To Double or Not to Double." 章 31 in Luck, Logic, & White Lies: The Mathematics of Games. Wellesley, MA: A K Peters, 頁 326-343, 2005.Culin, S. "Ssang-Ryouk--Double Sixes (Backgammon)." §73 in Games of the Orient: Korea, China, Japan. Rutland, VT: Charles E. Tuttle, 頁 79-81, 1965.Parlett, D. The Oxford History of Board Games. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1999.Thorp, E. O. "End Positions in Backgammon." Gambling Times, Oct.-Dec. 1978. Reprinted in Computer Games (編. D. N. L. Levy). New York: Springer-Verlag, 頁 44-61, 1988.Thorp, E. The Mathematics of Gambling. Hollywood, CA: Gambling Times, 頁 83-109, 1984.Tuck, E. O. "Simulation of Bearing Off and Doubling in Backgammon." Mathematical Sci. 6, 43-61, 1981.Zadeh, N. "On Doubling in Tournament Backgammon." Management Sci. 23, 986-993, 1977.在 中被引用
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Weisstein, Eric W. "雙陸棋。" 來自 網路資源。 https://mathworld.tw/Backgammon.html